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Martha Cranmer Oliver (1834 – 20 December 1880), also known as Pattie Oliver or M. Oliver, was an English actress and theatre manager. Beginning as a child actor near her home in Salisbury, Oliver was performing in London by age 13. She played in major theatre companies in the West End, including those of Madame Vestris and J. B. Buckstone. She was the leading comic actress at the Strand Theatre for several seasons in the late 1850s. She also played Mary Meredith in the hit play ''Our American Cousin'' at the Haymarket Theatre, among other engagements. In March 1866, Oliver became manageress of the New Royalty Theatre, often taking leading roles. In November 1866, she produced F. C. Burnand's burlesque on ''Black-eyed Susan''. The piece was an enormous hit, playing for nearly 500 nights at the theatre, with Oliver starring in the title role. She was also known for helping members of her profession. She gave up management in 1870, acting in New York for a time with Lydia Thompson's troupe, but soon retired from the stage. ==Early life and career== Oliver was born at Salisbury, the daughter of John Oliver, a scene-painter. She first appeared on stage there when only six years old. Here and at Southampton her performances of children's parts attracted attention, until in 1847 she made her London début at the Marylebone Theatre.〔Obituary, ''The Era'', 1 January 1881, p. 8〕 Her early success gained her an engagement with Madame Vestris at the Lyceum Theatre, London, which lasted from 1849 to 1855. In 1855 she went to Drury Lane, where she soon played Matilda in ''Married for Money'', and, in 1856, Celia in ''As You Like It''. In the same year, her performance of Helen in the ''Hunchback'' won such praise from the critics that J. B. Buckstone offered her an engagement at the Haymarket Theatre.〔 There she was seen in Francis Talfourd's burlesque of ''Atalanta'' in 1857. Accepting an offer from Miss Swanborough, she became the leading actress in comedy and burlesque at the Strand Theatre for several seasons.〔 in 1858 she acted Amy Robsart in the burlesque of ''Ye Queen, ye Earl, and ye Maiden''; in 1859 she was Pauline in H. J. Byron's burlesque, the ''Lady of Lyons'' and Lisetta in Talfourd's burlesque ''Tell and the Strike of the Cantons''; and in 1860, she played the Prince in Byron's burlesque of ''Cinderella''. At the Haymarket, in 1861, she was Mary Meredith in ''Our American Cousin'', on Edward Askew Sothern's first appearance as Lord Dundreary in London. In 1863 she was at the Princess's Theatre, where she took the title rôle in Byron's burlesque, ''Beautiful Haidee''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martha Cranmer Oliver」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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